丰田叉车电池 TOYOTA电动平衡重车辆铅酸蓄电池VCF4N(4DB280,4PZB280)

丰田叉车电池一般行业称呼用于丰田电瓶叉车的电瓶组，价格从5000元～50000元不等，根据TOYOTA叉车电瓶型号选择，容量和电压是决定丰田叉车蓄电池的主要因素，丰田叉车电瓶选用特殊材料铅锑配方，电池具有内阻低，自放电小，且耐过放电、过充电，循环寿命长，安全性能好等优点，适应各种环境下使用，产品规格齐全，循环次数可达1350次以上，出厂产品逐个进行严格检测，质量稳定可靠，产品性能均达到JISC、IEC及国家JB等标准，叉车蓄电池虽然价格低廉，但后期管理比较麻烦，如果企业叉车比较多，需要集中智能化系列管理，一般是将叉车电池温度、容量、比重、电压、电流、容量等参数输入PC端，采用集成软件，优化处理，这种外置的设备采作PTC陶瓷电阻，避免了红热现象，使整个放电过程更安全，具有无线通讯功能，无线采集盒与放电主机及上位监控PC主机三者之间通过无线方式进行通讯，简化接线，灵活方便，采集盒可对每节电池进行监测，实现对蓄电池组放电过程的完整监控。配备的PC机监测系统，可实时监测整个放电过程，并把监测到的总电压、放电电流和各单体电池电压等数据进行分析、并可生成相应的数据报表。有USB接口，可将放电过程的数据存入U盘，并导入PC机。 PC数据管理软件可对电池放电的过程进行分析、并可生成相应的数据报表。智能单片机ARM控制、液晶中英文显示，菜单操作简单明了。可设定测试/放电终止条件，包括单体电池电压、电池组终止电压、放电电流、放电时间。可通过短时放电（10分钟）来预估蓄电池组容量，可记录测试/放电过程，主要是电池组总容量、总电压、总电流以及电压*低的单体电池的电压变化情况。还有叉车蓄电池后续管理人工不可避免，特别在电解液检测过程中，需要经常补加在蒸馏水。氧复合原理设计：形成内部氧循环，放电特性优异，电池内阻小，极群紧装配，完全充电状态的电池完全固定，高效率气体再化合，独特生产工艺，增强板栅抗腐蚀能力，阻燃材ABS槽壳，符合UL94V-0标准，降低壳体燃烧可能，超强的承受深放电及大电流放电能力，具有过充及过放电自我保护性能，特殊隔板能保住电解液，再同时用强力压紧正板活性物质，防止脱落，厚极板技术和独特的胶体电解质配制灌加工艺保证了电池的使用寿命， 叉车蓄电池依靠储能作为动力电源，在充电、放电的版块有一套电路设计，一旦电路产生故障，那么电瓶叉车的电流输出将会增加，使用的时间自然缩短，充电也一样，设计不合理，充电不进或 者过大电流输入也一样，升压放电电路采用双闭环控制方式，以控制器输出电压作为反馈信号进行闭环控制。 给定输出电压Vref与实际输出电压比较得到误差， 经过PI调节器得到电流环给定电流Iref。给定电流Iref与实际控制器输出电流比较得到电流误差，经过 PI调节器送给PWM波控制器产生驱动波形。驱动波形经过隔离驱动控制IGBT开通与关断，进行DC/DC升压变换，实时的改变占空比来调节控制器输出电 流进而控制输出电压达到目标电压；电动叉车蓄电池的充电系统设计为该电路中变压器可以利用旧设各功率足够的闲置品，用 于短时间对蓄电池补充充电，功率允许稍小于充电功率（24V或12V、10A），二次电压应为18～22V。由于其充电电流为脉冲电流，这样既可提高充电 效率，也可降低变压器的温升。电路中VD1～VD4对交流电压整流，形成脉动直流电。适当调整RI来控制CZ的充电电压l以达到改变VT1发射极电压的目 的。VT1基极电位随脉动电压而变化，当它低于发射极瞬间电压时，VT1导通。 R4上的压降使VT2随之导通。并经R5、R6分压的电压保持导通状态使二 极管VD5触发单向晶问管V导通，充电脉冲流经蓄电池组。当脉动电流过零时V关断。 丰田叉车电瓶采用KW合金, 在板栅铸造时往铅炉加入稀土金属, 利用稀土金属的惰性特点改变板栅的晶体结构, 使电池在浮充使用过程中极板被腐蚀的状态由断面腐蚀变为表面层腐蚀, 通过减少电池极板的被腐蚀进度从根本上是电池的寿命得到延长。叉车电瓶采用薄形极板的设计, 以提高电池大电流放电的性能. 另方面为了保证电池的使用寿命, 在电池电解液加入添加剂使电池在正常使用时的浮充电流降低42%-49%, 达到减少电池内部的电化学腐蚀速度, 使电池长寿命化。丰田叉车电瓶用内部化成技术, 同时电池极板的活性物质中加入导体Pb3O4的结晶物,使电池的正极板活物质利用率提高至46%, 克服以往电池的活物质利用率低下的难题, 使电池达到高质能比。 丰田电瓶叉车蓄电池选择需要注意：

叉车电池的品质如何鉴别，这个问题关系到叉车使用企业的用车成本，购买一组质量稳定的叉车电池可以省下后期大量的麻烦事，我们见过的案例，曾经佛山地区有一个客户从镇江某电池 厂购买了一组48V550AH的合力叉车用电池，使用半年后单体出现冒烟、电解液挥发过快，使用时间缩短等情况，以前每两周补加蒸馏水一次，现在每天要加 一次，而且充电是时候必须人工值守，及时补水，不然马上烧干，而且产生大量气体及难闻的异味，整个充电机房人在里面待上10分钟承受不了，空气里充斥大量 刺鼻、刺眼的酸雾，针对这种情况，客户将信息反馈到叉车电池生产厂家，工厂居然说加水加得快很正常，拒绝更换新的单体电池，而且对于技术上的问题咨询显得 很不耐烦，无奈，*终客户找到了我们，我们派出工程师到现场，排查了车辆电流、叉车充电系统的问题，检查到其中连接的有四个叉车电池单体出现了微短路的情 况，电解液比重密度为零，每个单体电池零点几伏，整台叉车使用时间不到2小时，频繁的充电，导致其余二十个单体电池密度不均匀，第二天我们带了四只叉车电池过 去维修、焊接，大家以为这样问题应该解决了吧？问题还在后面呢？

当我们把叉车电池单体抽起的时候，准备更换焊接，原来这组电池垫高了一大截，叉车铁箱底部 焊了块加高钢板，和我们的标准尺寸相差了40mm，这个时候，客户把原装的标配铭牌拿出来，容量是550AH，某电池厂的铭牌上也标着550AH，虽然单 体尺寸差距很远，怎么也达到500AH的容量吧，但是揭开注液盖电池内部极板比较低，重量不达标，估计应该实际容量在 450AH左右，而且整组叉车电池价格购买回来还要比市面采购价格高出几千元，果真“业界良心”啊；据说，后来客户准备提供法院诉讼，要求更换同等容量尺 寸的叉车电池组。

丰田叉车蓄电池在工作中的电流：
叉车蓄电池的工作电流大小， 影响到叉车的工作时间，电瓶叉车有两个电机，一个是行走电机，一个是油泵电机，其中行走电机功率比较小，输出的电流一般在20A～40A之间，超过这个范 围值，叉车电机碳刷可能损坏，导致工作时间缩短，还有油泵电机，即是起叉载重的电机，这个叉车电机功率比较大，输出的电流也比较高，但是起叉货物输出的电 流不可超过叉车蓄电池容量的五分之一，否则存在过度大电流放电，极板活性物质脱落，工作时间受到影响，电瓶叉车是指以 电瓶为动力的平衡重式叉车，具有操作简单，无废气污染，适合在室内作业，随环保要求的提高，需求有较快的增长，尤其是中、小吨位的电瓶叉车。叉车是工业搬 运车辆，是指对成件托盘货物进行装卸、堆垛和短距离运输作业的各种轮式搬运车辆。国际标准化组织ISO/TC110称为工业车辆。常用于仓储大型物件的运 输，通常使用燃油机或者蓄电池驱动。我司主要以进口叉车电瓶、国内合资电瓶为主，从事电瓶行业超过十五年，在广东地区乃至全国都有 着大量的客户见证。 TOYOTA forklift battery industry in general for TOYOTA group called battery forklift, price from 5000 yuan to 50000 yuan, according to the TOYOTA forklift battery model selection, capacity and voltage is the main factor affecting the TOYOTA battery forklift, TOYOTA forklift battery using special materials of lead antimony formula, battery has low resistance, small self discharge, and resistance overcharge, discharge, long cycle life, has the advantages of good safety performance, adapt to various environments, product specifications, cycles up to 1350 times, the factory products by strict testing, stable and reliable quality, product performance have reached JISC, IEC and national JB standard, forklift battery although the price is low, but later if the enterprise management more trouble, forklift more, need to focus on intelligent management, is usually a forklift battery temperature and capacity The proportion of voltage, current, capacity and other parameters of the PC input terminal, the integrated optimization software, the external device is adopted for PTC ceramic resistance, avoid hot phenomenon, make the discharge process safer, with wireless communication function between the wireless collection box and the host monitor and discharge PC host communication three through the way of wireless, simplify wiring, flexible and convenient collection box can be monitored for each battery, to achieve a complete monitoring of the battery discharge process. Equipped with PC monitoring system, the whole process can be monitored in real time, and the monitoring of the total voltage, discharge current and the monomer battery voltage and other data are analyzed, and the corresponding data can be generated. USB interface, the discharge process can be stored in the U disk data, and into the PC machine.
PC data management software can analyze the process of battery discharge, and can generate the corresponding data report. Intelligent single-chip ARM control, liquid crystal display in English, menu operation is simple and clear. The test / discharge termination conditions can be set, including the monomer battery voltage, battery termination voltage, discharge current and discharge time. By short discharge (10 minutes) to estimate the battery capacity, can record the test / discharge process, is mainly the voltage changes of total battery capacity, total voltage, current and voltage minimum single battery. There is also the inevitable follow-up of forklift battery management, especially in the electrolyte detection process, often need to add in distilled water. Design principle: the formation of oxygen compound internal oxygen cycle, excellent discharge characteristics, the internal resistance of the battery is small, very tight assembly group, the state of the fully charged battery is completely fixed, high efficiency gas recombination, unique production process, enhance the grid corrosion resistance, flame retardant material ABS shell, conforms to the UL94V-0 standard, low shell combustion, deep discharge large current discharge and bear ability strong, has a charge and discharge performance of self protection, special partition can keep the electrolyte, and also with strong compression positive plate active material, prevent the loss, thick plate technique and unique colloid electrolyte preparation process was to ensure the service life of the battery, the battery forklift rely on storage as the power supply, a circuit design in the charging and discharging section, once the circuit malfunction, so the current output will increase the battery forklift The use of natural, time shortened, charging is the same, the unreasonable design, charging into or over current input, boost discharge circuit adopts double closed loop control mode, the controller output voltage as a feedback signal for the closed-loop control.
The output voltage Vref is compared with the actual output voltage, and the current loop is given Iref through the PI regulator. Compared with the actual controller output current, the current error is given by a given current Iref, and the PI controller is used to generate the driving waveform of the PWM controller. The driving waveform after isolating drive control IGBT on and off, DC/DC boost converter, real-time change duty cycle to regulate the output current of the controller and control the output voltage reaches the target voltage; design of charging system of electric forklift battery for transformer in the circuit can use the power of old enough idle goods, for a short time to charge the battery supplement, slightly less than the allowable power charging power (24V or 12V, 10A), the two voltage should be 18 ~ 22V. Because the charging current is pulse current, the charging efficiency can be improved, and the temperature rise of the transformer can be reduced. In the circuit, the AC voltage is rectified by VD1 ~ VD4. Proper adjustment of RI to control the charging voltage l of the CZ to achieve the purpose of changing the VT1 emitter voltage. The VT1 base potential varies with the pulse voltage, when it is lower than the emitter instantaneous voltage, the VT1 conduction.
The voltage drop on R4 causes VT2 to follow. And through the R5, R6 voltage to maintain the state of the conductor to enable the diode VD5 to trigger a unidirectional transistor V conduction, charging pulse through the battery pack. V turn off when pulsating current is zero. TOYOTA forklift battery using KW alloy, in grid casting furnace to lead crystal structure by addition of rare earth metal, rare earth metal inert characteristics change grid, so that the battery in the process of using floating plate is corrosion state by section corrosion into the surface layer of corrosion, by reducing the battery plate of the corrosion progress fundamentally is the battery life is prolonged. Design of forklift battery using thin plate, in order to improve the performance of high current discharge of the battery. On the other hand, in order to ensure the service life of the battery, the battery electrolyte additives in the battery charge current in the normal use of the lower 42%-49%, to reduce the corrosion rate of the inside of the battery, the battery life. TOYOTA forklift battery with internal formation technology, while the battery plate active material added to the junction of the conductor Pb3O4